Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 and HSV-2 are DNA viruses that belong to Alphaherpesvirinae, a subfamily of the Herpesviridae family [1]. HSV type-common IgM ELISAs can be useful to confirm acute newly acquired HSV infections; the use of single-type IgM ELISAs on the basis of whole-virus antigen is dispensable. The Simplexa HSV-1/2 assays demonstrated a combined sensitivity and specificity of 96.2% and 97.9%, respectively. Impact of turnaround time on outcome with point-of-care testing for respiratory viruses: a analysis from a randomised controlled trial. F1000Research. Comparison of estimated costs per reportable result and expertise required. We evaluated the study characteristics and the performance of the various tests included in the studies; here, we conclude by discussing the various strengths and limitations of various tools and how they may relate to the development of future diagnostics. Herpes Virus, Oral Clinical Signs and QoL: Systematic Review of Recent Data. Given the heterogeneous nature of the studies included within this review in terms of sample type, collection, and patient demographics, it was not possible to draw statistical inferences or perform a meta-analysis. Bernstein DI, Lovett MA, Bryson YJ. The use of dried blood spots can reduce time and provide an effective way to test for HSV-2 in resource-limited settings. We also present performance metrics of tests for benchmarking of future technology. J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis. Rawls WE, Iwamoto K, Adam E, Melnick JL. Safrin S, Arvin A, Mills J, Ashley R. Comparison of the Western immunoblot assay and a glycoprotein G enzyme immunoassay for detection of serum antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 in patients with AIDS. Gray zone may be required for specimens with values falling between 50 and 800 maximum relative fluorescence units. Evaluation of LightCycler PCR for implementation of laboratory diagnosis of herpes simplex virus infections. In conclusion, rapid and accurate laboratory diagnosis of HSV is now become a necessity, given the difficulty in making the clinical diagnosis of HSV, the growing worldwide prevalence of genital herpes and the availability of effective antiviral therapy. Membrane-touch biochip requires some improvements such as expanded calibration before it can be used as a rapid diagnosis tool. and transmitted securely. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 can be diagnosed based on the appearance of lesions (if present), as well as with laboratory tests. Bergstrm T, Vahlne A, Alestig K, Jeansson S, Forsgren M, Lycke E. Primary and recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2-induced meningitis. fELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. FOIA Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Clin. Diagnosis Maka dari itu, sangat penting untuk mendapatkan diagnosis terkait gangguan yang terjadi untuk memastikannya. Stress as Trigger Factor of HSV-1 Reactivation Causing Recurrent Intraoral Herpes Mimicking HAEM: A Case Report. WebAiding in the rapid diagnosis of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections, Espy MJ, Ross TK, Teo R, et al: Evaluation of LightCycler PCR for implementation of laboratory diagnosis of herpes simplex virus infections. National Library of Medicine PMC Only effective within certain range. For example, the Viper HSV-Qx assay [34] and the BD ProbeTec HSV-Qx (HSVQx) system [40] were only approved for anogenital lesions, Luminex ARIES HSV-1 & 2 Assay [35] was approved for cutaneous of mucocutaneous lesions only; 8 study samples were collected using mucosal or cutaneous swabs (Table 3); in the remaining 3 studies, 1 collected samples through corneal scrapings or conjunctival swabs, 1 collected CSF, and 1 tears (for ocular manifestations; Multimedia Appendix 3). Rapid detection of HSV with an enzyme-linked virus inducible system (ELVIS) employing a genetically modified cell line. It also takes up to 7 days to get the viral culture results, during which time the infection may have developed further. Given this information, it is concerning that greatest incidence of HSV infections occurs in women of reproductive age increasing the risk of maternal transmission of the virus to the fetus or neonate [59,60]. In conclusion, rapid and accurate laboratory diagnosis of HSV is now become a necessity, given the difficulty in making the clinical diagnosis of HSV, the growing Performance of commercial herpes simplex virus type-2 antibody tests using serum samples from Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. This systematic review aimed to summarize recent study articles evaluating HSV-1 and HSV-2 diagnostic tools. Shevlin E, Morrow RA. Searches of the PubMed database yielded 264 studies; 11 studies included 11 molecular assays, and 8 studies included 19 different serological assays for the detection of HSV-1, HSV-2, or both. Genital herpes - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic 1985 Nov; 22 (5):748753. The viral culture will have a lowered sensitivity after the first 48 hours of appearance of the symptoms and is best if administered as soon as the symptoms appear [9]. To help compare studies and their outcomes, we only included studies that reported sensitivity and/or specificity as performance indicators of the diagnostic tools [18]. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. This may not be the complete list of references from this article. Because of the enveloped nature of the HSV-1 and HSV-2 virus, specimens collected using a swab must be transferred to suitable viral transport media with the addition of antimicrobials. 2019 May 23;5(2):e14216. Methodological details including sample collection method, transportation/storage method, study aims, and conclusions. Torrone EA, Morrison CS, Chen P, Kwok C, Francis SC, Hayes RJ, Looker KJ, McCormack S, McGrath N, van de Wijgert JH, Watson-Jones D, Low N, Gottlieb SL, STIMA Working Group Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and bacterial vaginosis among women in sub-Saharan Africa: an individual participant data meta-analysis of 18 HIV prevention studies. Careers. 1 Coronavirus: Find the latest articles and preprints Direct culture of B virus has been the standard for diagnosis of infection, but requires a biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) containment facility to reduce the risk of exposure for laboratory workers, and the collection of samples must be delayed until symptoms appear. University of Cambridge, We compared the detection of HSV for 200 specimens (number of genital specimens, 160; number of dermal specimens, 38; number of ocular specimens, 2) by shell vial cell cultures (MRC-5) and by LightCycler PCR. a diagnosis of genital herpes based on a physical exam and a history of your sexual activity. Diagnosis of herpes simplex virus infections in the clinical laboratory 1985 Feb;180(2-3):107-20. Sullender WM, Yasukawa LL, Schwartz M, Pereira L, Hensleigh PA, Prober CG, Arvin AM. Sensitivity and specificity of molecular-based diagnostics. HSV infections are very common among women of reproductive age, which can increase the risk of virus transmission from the mother to the child during birth, resulting in neonatal herpes [4]. Individuals with multimorbidity will also be included such as patient coinfected with herpes simplex virus (HSV) and HIV, or HSV and hepatitis C. All diagnostic tests for HSV-1 or HSV-2 used for any type of the infection such as oral, anogenital, ocular, or central nervous system infections. The study by Shoji et al [27] was the single study that used both a serological and molecular technique in conjunction using tears as a sample material. Diagnosis of genital herpes simplex virus infections. Risk of recurrence after first episodes of genital herpes. Nah, berikut ini beberapa cara untuk diagnosis herpes Treatment of a large area perioral viral herpes infection following noninvasive ventilation: A case report. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2009 flow diagram. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Table format adapted from Whiting et al [22]. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Infections National Library of Medicine Mucocutaneous manifestations of viral diseases: An illustrated guide to diagnosis and management. Mesenchymal stem cells are susceptible to human herpesviruses, but viral DNA cannot be detected in the healthy seropositive individual. Europe PMC Diagnosis of herpes simplex virus infections in the clinical laboratory by LightCycler PCR. Arshad Z, Alturkistani A, Brindley D, Lam C, Foley K, Meinert E. JMIR Public Health Surveill. Hughes JH, Mann DR, Hamparian VV. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. The specificity of B virus serologic methods has improved substantially; however, the assays rely on specimens obtained weeks after the possible exposure and, thus, are not useful for making decisions about treatment, which must be made soon after a person is exposed. WebPolymerase chain reaction (PCR) can detect VZV DNA rapidly and sensitively. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. The study by Liermann et al [36] was the only study to investigate detection of primary infection, and concluded that its HSV IgM serology tool should not be used to make decisions for antiviral treatment in HSV [36]. Relation to HSV type and antibody response. A herpes (HSV) test checks to see if you have been infected with the virus. Biraro S, Mayaud P, Morrow RA, Grosskurth H, Weiss HA. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! doi: 10.1128/CMR.00043-15. Currently, viral culture is the most commonly used method of diagnosis, and it is considered the gold standard method [8]. Herpes J Clin Microbiol. Compared with the HSV-LC system, the Viper instrument was found to be $12 cheaper to run per specimen ($22 vs $34). Bookshelf Table adapted from Gitman et al [31]. Type-specific detection of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 using the cobas HSV 1 and 2 test on the cobas 4800 platform. This often leads to overestimation of the results and may exaggerate diagnostic accuracy [22]. High sensitivities using culture-based methods are hindered by highly variable specimen quality, dependency on stage of the lesion, as well as primary versus recurrent infection [47]. Greninger AL, Roychoudhury P, Xie H, Casto A, Cent A, Pepper G, Koelle DM, Huang ML, Wald A, Johnston C, Jerome KR. Serologic studies are useful for the diagnosis of EBV infection, because clinical symptoms and an antibody response occur simultaneously, and other diagnostic tests are generally unavailable. Tong et al [42] also demonstrated a turnaround time of 1 hour using their portable device, although it was not fully automated (requires hands on time of 5 min). Laboratory diagnosis of herpes Non-cytopathic herpes simplex virus type-1 isolated from acyclovir-treated patients with recurrent infections. Epub 2016 Oct 8. The use of an antigen detection system such as Herpchek (DuPont, Wilmington, DE) can decrease turnaround time [44]. Swabs collected in 3 mL of universal transport medium, transported to labs, aliquoted samples stored in 70C, Operon-Immuno&Molecular Diagnostics, Zaragoza, Spain, Various swabs; 110 ulcer specimens, 48 urine, 48 endocervical, 43 CSFs, 4 urethral, and 3 pharyngeal swabs, Cobas PCR media urine sample kit or cobas PCR media female swab sample kit (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany); 110 ulcer specimens, 48 urine, 48 endocervical, 43 CSF, 4 urethral, and 3 pharyngeal swabs, HSV DNA (by PCR) and HSV specific sIgA antibody levels (ELIZA), School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (academic), Using Schirmer strips (Schirmer Tear Production Measuring Strips; Showa- Yakuhinkako, Tokyo, Japan). Assay shows acceptable clinical performance characteristics and demonstrates promise for further development of this fully automated platform for detection of pathogen nucleic acid in clinical laboratories, 42.2% male; median age 30.5 (Q1-Q3 24.0-39.0) years, Evaluate a new assay, the HSV OligoGen Kit for the detection of HSV in several types of clinical samples, Detection of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in clinical samples by HOK, 51% male; median age (IQR) of 32.0 (27-39); HIV-positive: 50%. This work was funded by the European Institute of Innovation and Technology Health (grant 18654). Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, selection criteria, data extraction, and data analysis were determined before the commencement of the study. The laboratory diagnosis of herpes simplex virus infections DB is also subject to the CFA Institute's codes, standards, and guidelines, so he must stress that this piece is provided for academic interest only and must not be construed in any way as an investment recommendation. A greater proportion of molecular assaybased tools are being developed by commercial entities. Granerod J, Cousens S, Davies NW, Crowcroft NS, Thomas SL. Wald A, Huang M, Carrell D, Selke S, Corey L. Polymerase chain reaction for detection of herpes simplex virus (HSV) DNA on mucosal surfaces: comparison with HSV isolation in cell culture. There were no duplicates in the records identified; hence, all 294 record titles and abstracts were screened for eligibility; 235 articles were excluded based on the eligibility criteria. As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. The estimated frequency of HSV encephalitis (HSE) is between 1:250,000 and 1:500,000 persons per year [ 1 ]. Detection of antibodies to herpes simplex virus in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with herpes simplex encephalitis. Thus, early and accurate detection of HSV is needed to prevent the transmission of this infection. Links to PubMed are also available for Selected References. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Stavraky KM, Rawls WE, Chiavetta J, Donner AP, Wanklin JM. Liu T, Liu JF, Yu H, Si GJ, Hu J, Li J. Detection of serially diluted suspensions, Detection of serially diluted suspensions of HSV DNA by LightCycler PCR using FRET, Melting curve analysis of HSV-1 and HSV-2 genotypes determined by LightCycler PCR using, MeSH Rapid turnaround is important for providing the treatment to patient as early as possible. Laboratory Diagnosis of Neonatal Herpes Simplex Virus Infections - PMC Journal List J Clin Microbiol v.57 (5); 2019 May PMC6498033 As a library, NLM provides They are characterized by their ability to establish latent infections, enabling the virus to persist indefinitely within the hosts and to undergo periodic reactivation. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016145. Espy MJ, Rys PN, Wold AD, Uhl JR, Sloan LM, Jenkins GD, Ilstrup DM, Cockerill FR 3rd, Patel R, Rosenblatt JE, Smith TF. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. Global team of scientists discovers why herpes simplex encephalitis Could polymerase chain reaction tests on conjunctival swabs be useful to diagnose herpetic keratitis? Both formats of the IsoGlow HSV typing assay had sensitivities comparable to that of the FDA-cleared IsoAmp HSV test and specificity for the 2 types of HSV comparable with that of ELVIS HSV turnaround time of around 1 hour. In conclusion, HSV diagnosis is moving away from culture-based methods to serology-based or polymerase chain reactionbased methods. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Although encephalitis is a rare complication of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, HSV is the most common cause of nonepidemic, sporadic, acute focal A clinical diagnosis of genital herpes should always be confirmed by laboratory testing; this can be accomplished through the use of direct tests for viral isolation, the detection of antigen or, more recently, the detection of HSV DNA using molecular diagnostic techniques. Development and comparison of a rapid isothermal nucleic acid amplification test for typing of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 on a portable fluorescence detector. Herpes simplex encephalitis occurs when herpes simplex virus-1 invades the brain. The site is secure. World J Clin Cases. Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle 98195. Assess if conjunctival swab samples were equivalent to corneal scrapings to diagnose herpetic keratitis. Conventional tube cell culture compared with centrifugal inoculation of MRC-5 cells and staining with monoclonal antibodies for detection of herpes simplex virus in clinical specimens. No specimens were positive by the shell vial assay only. Antiviral Activity of the Rhamnolipids Mixture from the Antarctic Bacterium, Johnston C., Corey L. Current Concepts for Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Infection: Diagnostics and Pathogenesis of Genital Tract Shedding. Rev. There are two main types of HSV: HSV-1, which causes most oral herpes, and HSV-2, which causes most genital herpes. PCR testing and genotyping can also distinguish between wild-type and vaccine strains of VZV. laboratory diagnosis of herpes simplex virus Studies that received low risk of bias rating in general recruited a random sample [26], blinded study conductors to the results of the reference and index tests [26,29,36], deidentified previously collected samples [41], or conducted reference and index tests simultaneously [34]. The methodological characteristics of included studies are presented in Table 2. The studies included within this systematic review employed heterogeneous methods while also using different patient populations. WebHerpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Infections - Etiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, signs, diagnosis & prognosis from the MSD Manuals - Medical Professional Version. This may be because they are at an earlier stage of the developmental pathways and thus, not nearing approval or commercialization. Keywords: Herpes simplex virus, Genital herpes, Diagnosis Go to: Introduction PCR is the most useful laboratory test for confirming cases of herpes zoster. Herpes (HSV) Test WebHSV stands for herpes simplex virus. Is Herpes Simplex really incurable? Homeopathy's answer to this question is NO! With your PERSONALISED homeopathy treatment Herpes Simplex is not incurable. It may not cure Herpes Simplex in each and every case, however, if this treatment is followed diligently for a period of two years, if instructions are followed properly, chances of success To evaluate the performance of Amplivue HSV-1 + 2 assay compared with ELVIS HSV IDD3 in detecting HSV-1-2 from clinical specimens. Herpes Zoster Diagnosis, Testing, Lab Methods | CDC Langenberg A, Smith D, Brakel CL, Pollice M, Remington M, Winter C, Dunne A, Corey L. Detection of herpes simplex virus DNA from genital lesions by in situ hybridization. Accessibility Matsumoto T, Yamada O, Itagaki A, Ishida S, Kamahora T, Kurimura T. Rapid DNA diagnosis of herpes simplex virus serotypes. Diagnoses of B virus infections have been hampered because herpes simplex virus (HSV) and B virus are closely related (both are members of the Alphaherpesviridae). official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA in cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with Mollaret's meningitis. Inclusion in an NLM database does not imply endorsement of, or agreement with, We believe this can only be achieved through prenatal screening for primary infection and subsequent medical intervention. The landscape of diagnostic tools for HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections is rapidly moving away from laboratory-based and culture methods that have long been considered the gold standard technique. National Library of Medicine
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